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Introduction
Responsible
Care
Responsible Care is an international chemical industry
voluntary initiative. It is designed not only to improve
the performance of the chemical industry in the fields
of health, safety, environment, product stewardship,
emergency response and relations with the public, but
also to enable companies to demonstrate that these improvements
are in fact taking place. Responsible Care is about
continual improvement in performance and communicating
with our stakeholders.
Sustainable
Development
The CIA has published an integrated set of 'Guiding
Principles for SD practice' and 'Goals for Sustainable
development' of the chemical industry. The guiding principles
and goals are derived from the CIA's vision of a sustainable
chemical industry which is namely:-
"A competitive and economically
sustainable industry, adopting innovative business solutions
that help satisfy society's needs while:
- Optimising the use of resources
- Ensuring that we have taken
all reasonable steps to prevent harm to human health
and the environment
- Demonstrating good practice
in ethical behaviour
- Respecting the culture and
rights of individuals
- Adopting the highest standards
of corporate governance and accountability."
Sustainable Development is not
a new initiative for the Chemical Industry, with many
of the CIA's SHE commitments in this area, built upon
Responsible Care.
The IoP data forms the basis of a number of the goals
e.g. occupational health and safety, incidents, resource
use and environmental burden. A report on progress from
the 2000 base year will be published in November 2006.
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Summary
The CIA's Indicators of Performance
monitor the chemical industry's progress with regard
to its health, safety and environmental performance
under the Responsible Care programme. The following
data is for the calendar year 2005 and the results are
based on returns from 232 member sites, which equates
to 96 per cent of our manufacturing sites.
Key Statistics for 2005, were
- Occupational Safety
- No employee or contractor
fatalities.
- Employees lost time
accident frequency rate decreased.
- Contractors lost time
accident frequency rate decreased.
- Occupational Health
- Number of RIDDOR Reportable
Diseases decreased.
- Occupational Illness
Frequency Rate has decreased.
- Process Safety
- Number of RIDDOR Notifiable
Dangerous Occurrences decreased.
- Environment
- Hazardous Waste disposal
and recovery has decreased.
- Non-hazardous waste
has increased.
- Discharges to water
- continual decrease in majority of releases.
- Emissions to air - all
continue to decrease.
- Water intake has continued
to decrease
- Product Stewardship
- Distribution incidents
decreased.
- Legal Compliance
- Prosecutions of member
sites by the regulators decreased.
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Health
and safety
Fatalities to employees
and contractors
A fatality is an instantaneous
work related event or exposure, leading to death within
one year. This includes incidents on the highways /
transport systems when on company business but not commuting
between home and work.
Own employees are deemed to be all permanent full or
part time employees including trainees and apprentices.
Contractors are non-company employees or individuals
who are providing a service to the company at their
premises. Data is provided to CEFIC and ICCA on an annual
basis.
There were no employee or contractor fatalities in 2005
(none in 2004) table 1.
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Table 1.
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RIDDOR
reportable employee accidents
This section relates to the major injuries, over 3 day
accidents, reportable diseases and notifiable dangerous
occurrences reported by members to HSE under the appropriate
schedules of the RIDDOR Regulations. This data is used
for the Safety and Health SD goals as well as being
provided to CEFIC and ICCA as part of their RC core
parameters. Data provided below is for Member's Own
Employees
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Figure 1.
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Occupational
Injuries:
The number of RIDDOR reportable major injuries (by severity)
decreased to 28 from 59 in 2004 . Approximately 71 per
cent of the 2005 injuries were from fractures, 11 per
cent were eye injuries and 7 per cent resulted in a
stay in hospital longer than 24 hrs. The proportion
of the employee accidents directly attributed to the
use of chemicals decreased to 9.4 per cent from 11.1
per cent in 2004. There was also a decrease in the total
number of over 3 day RIDDOR reportable incidents to
223 from 271 in 2004; of which 11.1 per cent were attributed
to chemicals (Figure 1).
Reportable Diseases
The number of RIDDOR reportable diseases decreased to
19 in 2005`from 21 in 2004, approximately 68 per cent
being skin diseases, predominantly occupational dermatitis,
and 15 per cent lung diseases, predominantly occupational
asthma.
Notifiable Dangerous
Occurrences
The number of RIDDOR notifiable
dangerous occurrences decreased, from 78 to 68, 55 per
cent being due to the escape of harmful and flammable
substances, 13 per cent resulting from malfunctions
of lifting equipment and 10 per cent from malfunctions
of pressure systems.
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Lost time accident rate (LTA)
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Figure 2.
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Employees
The LTA frequency rate - employees (Figure 2) decreased
to a new low of 0.24 per 100,000 hours.
Contractors
The 2005 LTA frequency rate for contractors also decreased
to 0.30 per 100,000 hours worked, from 0.31 in 2004.
The response rate for site contractor data remains at
over 90 per cent in 2005. There were 15 contractor RIDDOR
major injuries (87 per cent fractures), 51 over 3- day
RIDDOR reportable, 1 RIDDOR reportable disease and 4
notifiable dangerous occurrences.
Data is supplied to CEFIC and ICCA as well as being
incorporated into the SD Safety goal.
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Provision of site occupational
health resources
Occupational health is an increasingly important indicator
for the industry. The data in (Figure 3) is based on
CIA's "Check-up" questionnaire that rates
11 areas of a site's occupational health programme from
"no provision" (A) to "full compliance"
(D).
During 2005, overall % of sites at level C and D have
remained same across all monitored areas.
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Figure 3.
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Occupational Illness
Frequency Rates
Occupational illnesses are defined as any abnormal condition
or disorder, other that one resulting directly from
an accident caused or mainly caused by work related
factors and recognised / diagnosed during the year.
Data on occupational illness frequency rates (OIFR)
for own employees only, which cover categories of ill
health caused by chemical, biological, physical and
other agents, have been collected over the last five
years and illness rates per million working hours for
the last 3 years are shown in Table 2.
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Table 2.
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There has again been a decrease in the OIFR per million
working hours to 1.3 from 1.90 in 2004.
This is a CEFIC national core parameter but unlike the
others it is not aggregated at European level.
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The Environment
Discharges to water
Over a number of years, as part of the CEFIC and
ICCA core indicators, data have been collected to measure
the environmental impact of various aquatic discharges.
(Table 3) shows the aggregated discharges of phosphorus
and nitrogen compounds (which, as nutrients, have a potential
eutrophication effect) and our total discharges of chemical
compounds in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Discharge of nitrogen compounds has decreased through
specific sites leaving CIA membership. |
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Table 3.
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The above data is also used in the calculation of two
chosen aquatic effects of the SD Environmental Burden
Goal.
The last three years on discharges of eight key heavy
metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury,
nickel and zinc) that can have adverse effects on aquatic
plants and animals are given in (Table 4).
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Table 4.
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Emissions
to air
Volatile organic compounds
(VOCs)
VOCs react with other pollutants in the atmosphere (in
the presence of sunlight) to produce ground level ozone.
Ground level ozone may accumulate locally in concentrations
implicated in respiratory problems and ecological damage
to plants. The industry is a minor contributor to this
environmental impact
Since first reporting on this indicator in 1995, VOC emissions
from IPC/IPPC authorised chemical processes have fallen
by 72 per cent, and in 2005 decreased further to 33053
tonnes.
Oxides of sulphur,
and nitrogen and oxygen compounds
Again in accordance with the CEFIC and ICCA core indicators,
data have been collected on the airborne emissions of
sulphur and its compounds and compounds of nitrogen and
oxygen that occur from combustion and/or production processes.
The data for the last three years are shown in (Table
5).
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Table 5.
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This data along with other atmospheric emissions is
used in the calculations of some of the chosen atmospheric
effects of the SD Environmental Burden goal
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Hazardous Waste
and non-Hazardous Waste
Hazardous and Non Hazardous waste are now defined according
to the European Waste Catalogue (EWC) codes as referred
to in a number of EU Directives. This has resulted in
approximately 200 additional wastes being classified
as hazardous.
Disposal and recovery of wastes has been undertaken
according to the codes in the Waste Framework Directive
and are presently in use by EA / SEPA in their Pollution
Inventory data gathering.
The total (disposals and despatches on/off site) hazardous
waste was 674,000 tonnes cf 718,000 tonnes in 2004.
With the change in EWC codes in 2004 and without understanding
the fate of waste undergoing biological and physico-chemical
pre-treatment, it is not possible to make comparisons
with pre-2004 data. (Figure 4)
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Figure 4.
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| Non-Hazardous Waste disposals
on-site and dispatches off-site are shown in (Figure 5).
In 2004, the total of non-hazardous waste reduced to 914,000
from 917,000 tonnes in 2003. The predominant disposal
route, both on- and off-site, remains landfill (650,000
tonnes), although this continues to decline (40,000 tonnes
less in 2004). |
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Figure 5.
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disposal route for the combined 2005 Hazardous and Non-Hazardous
Waste. Again because of the pre treatment requirement,
it is difficult to compare with previous years, due to
this fact we see an increase in pre-treatment from 16
per cent in 2004 to 26 per cent. Landfill however still
remains the greatest disposal route. |
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Figure 6.
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| Disposals of hazardous / non hazardous
waste only, are part of the CEFIC and ICCA parameters
whilst generation of hazardous waste is part of the resource
SD goals. |
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Water intake
Total water intake decreased to 367,000 megalitres in
2005 from 387,000 megalitres in 2004. Categorisation
(Figure 7) shows the highest water usage to be coming
from river extraction at 40 per cent followed by public
(potable) water now at 21 per cent.
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Figure 7.
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Fresh water intake is being included into the CEFIC
/ ICCA core parameters for the first time. It is also
part of the SD Resource goals.
Energy use
The energy requirements of the UK chemical industry
are responsible for around four per cent of total UK
emissions of carbon dioxide.
We have been measuring and improving energy efficiency
for many years and in 1997 the CIA was the first trade
association to enter a voluntary agreement with the
Government.
The CIA is now one of more than 40 trade associations
in energy intensive sectors that have negotiated a climate
change agreement (CCA) with the UK Government. The chemical
sector CCA targets a revised energy efficiency improvement
of 19 per cent by 2010 from the 1998 base year, which
will bring the energy efficiency improvement between
1990 and 2010 to a total of 34 per cent. 2004 was a
milestone year and the chemical sector had improved
its energy efficiency by 19.5% since 1998.
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Transportation
Transportation
incidents
Road transport accounts for the most significant fraction
(58 per cent) of the total 28.5 million tonnes of chemicals
moved by CIA member companies in 2005 (Figure 8).
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Figure 8.
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Transport incidents are reported for any chemical product
whether or not classified as dangerous which meets a
number of criteria which can involve injury, spills
and leakages, property damage or material loss, causing
public disruption or adverse media attention.
Incidents are only included when 'in transit' from
a members works or storage location and also include
incidents at ports, airports or transit facilities.
However incidents occurring during loading or unloading
at producers or customers sites are excluded.
They are also categorised by mode of transport, type
of load (bulk or package) and severity. There were a
total of 36 incidents for 2005 the same as 2004, however
they tend to be less severe. The classification of distribution
incidents for 2004 and 2005 is shown below in (Figure
9).
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Figure 9.
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Incident data is part of the CEFIC / ICCA core parameters
and also included in the Incident SD goal.
Details of the causes of incidents and the actions taken
are recorded and an analysis of this information is
undertaken as a separate exercise.
Incidents per million
tonnes transported
The rate of incidents is expressed as the number of
reported severe and less severe incidents per million
tonnes of chemicals distributed. In 2004, the incident
rate has risen slightly from 1.1 in 2004 to 1.2 (Figure
10).
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Figure 10.
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Communication
Prosecutions/prohibition
notices
Members reported seven prosecutions by the HSE/EA in
2005, compared with eleven in 2004. There were five
Prohibition Notices issued to sites by the regulatory
authorities in 2005 (two in 2004).
Use of HS&E
management systems
In 2005, the number of manufacturing sites reporting
formal health and safety and environment management
systems has increased slightly (health and safety at
91 per cent and environment at 94 per cent). The number
of third party certified environmental systems continues
to increase (49 per cent in 2004, 53 per cent in 2005),
whilst third party health and safety certification/accreditation
has increased to 15.8 per cent (Figure 11)
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Figure 11.
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We welcome your feedback
The CIA will continue to
collect and develop its Indicators of Performance in
order to support the process of continual performance
improvement in the industry.Other performance indicators
are available. If you would like more information or
would like to comment, please contact us. (Info@cia.org.uk;
or fax: 020 7834 8586).
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020 7834 3399 
020 7834 4469 
enquiries@cia.org.uk